Disk scheduling algorithms

Disk Scheduling Algorithms:

Introduction: 

Disk scheduling algorithms decide the order in which disk I/O requests are processed. They aim to reduce seek time and improve overall system performance.

Types:

  • FCFS (First-Come, First-Served) Processes disk requests in the order they arrive. Simple but can be inefficient if requests are scattered across the disk.
  • SSTF (Shortest Seek Time First) Selects the request closest to the current head position. Reduces seek time but may cause starvation for far requests.
  • SCAN (Elevator Algorithm) Moves the disk arm in one direction, servicing requests along the way, then reverses direction. Fair and efficient for heavy loads.
  • C-SCAN (Circular SCAN) Similar to SCAN but only services requests in one direction, then jumps back to the beginning. Provides uniform wait time.
  • LOOK Like SCAN but only goes as far as the last request in each direction, avoiding unnecessary movement.
  • C-LOOK Like C-SCAN but limits movement to the last request before jumping back. More efficient than C-SCAN.

Use Cases:

  • Used in operating systems to manage disk I/O efficiently 
  • Helps reduce average seek time and improve throughput 
  • Important for file systems, databases, and storage-heavy applications 
  • Ensures fair access and avoids delays in multi-user environments

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